Tag Archives: Duality

Unknown's avatar Jon Awbrey 9:44 am on May 3, 2026
Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , Duality, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,   

Animated Logical Graphs • 2

Re: Peirce List • Jim Willgoose

It’s almost 50 years now since I first encountered the volumes of Peirce’s Collected Papers in the math library at Michigan State, and shortly afterwards a friend called my attention to the entry for Spencer Brown’s Laws of Form in the Whole Earth Catalog and I sent off for it right away.  I would spend the next decade just beginning to figure out what either one of them was talking about in the matter of logical graphs and I would spend another decade after that developing a program, first in Lisp and then in Pascal, that turned graph‑theoretic data structures formed on their ideas to good purpose as the basis of its reasoning engine.

I thought it might contribute to a number of long‑running and ongoing discussions if I could articulate what I think I learned from that experience.

So I’ll try to keep focused on that.

Resources

cc: Academia.edu • Cybernetics • Laws of Form • Mathstodon
cc: Research Gate • Structural Modeling • Systems Science • Syscoi

#abstraction, #amphecks, #analogy, #animata, #automated-research-tools, #boolean-algebra, #boolean-functions, #c-s-peirce, #cactus-graphs, #deduction, #differential-logic, #duality, #form, #graph-theory, #iconicity, #laws-of-form, #leibniz, #logic, #logical-graphs, #mathematics, #minimal-negation-operators, #model-theory, #peirces-law, #praeclarum-theorema, #proof-theory, #propositional-calculus, #propositional-logic, #semiotics, #spencer-brown, #theorem-proving, #topology, #visualization

Unknown's avatar Jon Awbrey 10:10 am on April 30, 2026
Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , Duality, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,   

Animated Logical Graphs • 1

For Your Musement …

Here are some animations I made up to illustrate several different styles of proof in an extended topological variant of Peirce’s Alpha Graphs for propositional logic.

  • Proof Animations
    • Double Negation

      • Double Negation

    • Peirce’s Law

      • Peirce's Law

    • Praeclarum Theorema

      • Praeclarum Theorema

    • Two‑Thirds Majority Function

      • Two‑Thirds Majority Function

A full discussion of logical graphs can be found in the following article.

Additional Resources

cc: Academia.edu • Cybernetics • Laws of Form • Mathstodon
cc: Research Gate • Structural Modeling • Systems Science • Syscoi

#abstraction, #amphecks, #analogy, #animata, #automated-research-tools, #boolean-algebra, #boolean-functions, #c-s-peirce, #cactus-graphs, #deduction, #differential-logic, #duality, #form, #graph-theory, #iconicity, #laws-of-form, #leibniz, #logic, #logical-graphs, #mathematics, #minimal-negation-operators, #model-theory, #peirces-law, #praeclarum-theorema, #proof-theory, #propositional-calculus, #propositional-logic, #semiotics, #spencer-brown, #theorem-proving, #topology, #visualization

Unknown's avatar Jon Awbrey 11:48 am on November 9, 2025
Tags: , Algebra of Logic, , , , Discrete Mathematics, Duality, Dyadic Relations, , , , , , , , , , , , Set Theory, , , ,   

Survey of Relation Theory • 9

In the present Survey of blog and wiki resources for Relation Theory, relations are viewed from the perspective of combinatorics, in other words, as a topic in discrete mathematics, with special attention to finite structures and concrete set‑theoretic constructions, many of which arise quite naturally in applications.  This approach to relation theory is distinct from, though closely related to, its study from the perspectives of abstract algebra on the one hand and formal logic on the other.

Elements

Relational Concepts

Relation Composition Relation Construction Relation Reduction
Relative Term Sign Relation Triadic Relation
Logic of Relatives Hypostatic Abstraction Continuous Predicate

Illustrations

Information‑Theoretic Perspective

  • Mathematical Demonstration and the Doctrine of Individuals • (1) • (2)

Blog Series

Peirce’s 1870 “Logic of Relatives”

Peirce’s 1880 “Algebra of Logic” Chapter 3

Peirce’s 1885 “Algebra of Logic”

  • C.S. Peirce • Algebra of Logic ∫ Philosophy of Notation • (1) • (2)
  • C.S. Peirce • Algebra of Logic 1885 • Selections • (1) • (2) • (3) • (4)

Resources

cc: FB | Relation Theory • Laws of Form • Mathstodon • Ontolog • Academia.edu
cc: Conceptual Graphs • Cybernetics • Structural Modeling • Systems Science

#algebra, #algebra-of-logic, #c-s-peirce, #category-theory, #combinatorics, #discrete-mathematics, #duality, #dyadic-relations, #formal-languages, #foundations-of-mathematics, #graph-theory, #group-theory, #logic, #logic-of-relatives, #logical-graphs, #mathematics, #model-theory, #relation-theory, #semiotics, #set-theory, #sign-relational-manifolds, #sign-relations, #triadic-relations, #type-theory